In
short there may be a simple solution to the deadlock.
The
BC has existing positions (especially the BC minority report and I think also
with the comments Ron is working with-need to check).
In
such a case the current positions hold.
If
members wish to water these positions down then it would be necessary for such
positions to be reach consensus – ie. the burden to change the positions would
be on those suggesting watering down.
Hence,
in my view if there is no consensus on any changes the default position or
positions consistent thereto would be repeated as BC comments.
Sincerely,
Zahid Jamil
Barrister-at-law
Jamil & Jamil
Barristers-at-law
219-221 Central Hotel Annexe
Merewether Road, Karachi. Pakistan
Cell: +923008238230
Tel: +92 21 35680760 / 35685276 / 35655025
Fax: +92 21 35655026
Notice / Disclaimer
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From: Zahid
Jamil [mailto:zahid@dndrc.com]
Sent: 19 July 2010 17:00
To:
'Deutsch, Sarah B'; 'Jon Nevett'
Cc: 'Phil Corwin';
michaelc@traveler.com; mike@haven2.com; jb7454@att.com;
randruff@rnapartners.com; ffelman@markmonitor.com;
bc-GNSO@icann.org
Subject: RE: Re[2]: [bc-gnso] DRAFT BC Public
Comments on DAGv4
Dear
All,
Have
been following in this discussion intermittently. Here are some of my
quick thoughts. The IRT is not and has not been the yard stick by which BC
comments or views have been formed in the past. BC did support the IRT but
clearly stated that the IRT had not gone far enough. If we take the
argument that the IRT position should be followed solely then please keep the
GPML in.
We
currently have no solutions for the defensive registration problem. The
URS is not Rapid. There is no transfer of the domain in a URS. The
Trademark Clearinghouse is not a Rights Protection Mechanism (admittedly).
So what are we really left with.
Jon’s
discussions here in the BC are reminiscent of the arguments Jon made in the IRT
and the STI where, at the time, Jon was representing Registrar interests.
He has been a valuable member of both groups and I look forward to his arguing
in favour of BC positions now with the same, if not greater,
zeal.
Any
argument that amounts to –they didn’t listen to us in the past so let’s give up
and settle for what we can does not address the problem. There is much to
be said about consistency. I would encourage the BC to also take from the
existing BC minority position in the STI report. That is a BC position and
hence, it ought to be repeated where appropriate (have attached the STI report –
BC minority position is at page 31). We should be lobbying for better
protection, in my view, not less since ICANN staff proposals sideline and ignore
business and trademark interests.
Lets
also remember that the BC position has been vindicated in the Economic Analysis
which asks that limited rounds be undertaken and clearly underscores the
economic cost of the defensive registration problem. Just because we
haven’t worked on how limited rounds would be implemented it doesn’t mean that
the concept is flawed. The Economic study makes cogent arguments in its
favour. Its now up to ICANN staff and possibly community to come up with
mechanisms.
Also
the Economic Analysis clearly finds that there need to be surveys and studies
(details in the report) which should be conducted and then mechanisms developed
based on actual statistics. Clearly showing that ICANN staff has run away
with the new gTLD proposal without adequate study and analysis. Hence,
mention of the Analysis is quite pertinent and I support Jeff’s views in
this.
Have
pasted my Brussels email below:
My edits in
[...]
Economic
Study:
In light of the newly
released economic study what steps are envisioned by ICANN staff:
including:
Survey
(how)
Study
(how)
Past
introductions
Methodlogies
In particular re TM,
user confusion (notwithstanding the current RPMs)
P – 16 – 17
:
Subsidies
Adjust Fee vs.
Favourable approval process
25 - Potential consumer confusion or fragmentation of the
Internet
26 - Increased registration costs for companies that feel the
need to be
in multiple places on the
Internet
28 - Defensive registrations
29 - Increased cost to companies to police new gTLD
registrations that
violate trademarks or
copyrights [VIGILANCE]
44 - 74
percent of the registered domain names either were “under construction,”
for
sale,
returned an error, or did not return a website at all. Thus, at
least in the early stages of .biz, the great majority of registered domain names
were not being used to provide content to users, again indicating that the
registrations may have been defensive.
59 –
105. A survey of
registrants would likely be needed to disentangle the extent to
which
duplicate registrations are
either purely defensive (and constitute external costs) or generate benefits to
the registrants. A survey of trademark
owners could provide information on the reasons for registration of domain names
in multiple gTLDs, such as how registrants use the additional gTLDs
(e.g., to provide new content or
purely to redirect to another site) and whether the registrants expect to reach
a new audience with the new gTLD.115
[Zahid
Note - SURVEY requested by IRT hasn’t been undertaken by Staff either]
61 - We recommend that ICANN
consider the potential for consumer confusion in deciding how quickly to proceed
with the introduction of gTLDs, possibly incorporating some methodology to
measure consume confusion as new gTLDs are rolled out over time.
62 - This potential project
would use case studies to examine the likely costs and benefits in broad
categories of new gTLDs.
Such studies would lead to
recommendations on how ICANN could craft its application process and ongoing
rules to lessen the likelihood of delegating gTLDs that will have negative net
social benefits and to enhance the net social benefits from gTLDs that are
designated.117
para 117 –
end:
117. First, it may be wise
to continue ICANN’s practice of introducing new gTLDs in discrete, limited
rounds. It is impossible to predict the costs and benefits of new gTLDs
accurately. By proceeding with multiple rounds, the biggest likely
costs—consumer confusion and trademark protection—can be evaluated in the
earlier rounds to make more accurate predictions about later rounds.
118. Second, in order to
derive the greatest informational benefits from the next round of
gTLD introductions, ICANN
should adopt practices that will facilitate the assessment of the net
benefits from the initial rollout of additional gTLDs. Specifically, ICANN
should require registries, registrars, and domain names registrants to provide
information sufficient to allow the estimation of the costs and benefits of new
gTLDs. For example, there might be mandatory reporting of trademark
disputes.
Sincerely,
Zahid Jamil
Barrister-at-law
Jamil & Jamil
Barristers-at-law
219-221 Central Hotel Annexe
Merewether Road, Karachi. Pakistan
Cell: +923008238230
Tel: +92 21 35680760 / 35685276 / 35655025
Fax: +92 21 35655026
Notice / Disclaimer
This message contains confidential information and its contents are
being communicated only for the intended recipients . If you are not the
intended recipient you should not disseminate, distribute or copy this
e-mail. Please notify the sender immediately by e-mail if you have
received this message by mistake and delete it from your system. The contents
above may contain/are the intellectual property of Jamil & Jamil,
Barristers-at-Law, and constitute privileged information protected by attorney
client privilege. The reproduction, publication, use, amendment, modification of
any kind whatsoever of any part or parts (including photocopying or storing it
in any medium by electronic means whether or not transiently or incidentally or
some other use of this communication) without prior written permission and
consent of Jamil & Jamil is prohibited.
From:
owner-bc-gnso@icann.org [mailto:owner-bc-gnso@icann.org] On Behalf Of
Deutsch, Sarah B
Sent: 19 July 2010 15:26
To: Jon
Nevett
Cc: Zahid Jamil; Phil Corwin; michaelc@traveler.com;
mike@haven2.com; jb7454@att.com; randruff@rnapartners.com;
ffelman@markmonitor.com; bc-GNSO@icann.org
Subject: RE: Re[2]:
[bc-gnso] DRAFT BC Public Comments on DAGv4
Jon,
Thanks
for clarifying. If this is the case, then it looks like ICANN kept
the high burden of proof for trademark owners on the one hand and ditched
other parts of the deal, including that it be in exchange for a rapid
(hence the "R" in the name URS) process.
As a
practical matter, I don't see how any trademark owner will be able to prove
anything more than they already prove in filing a UDRP case. For
example, in most cases, you'll know the infringer took your domain name, which
is identical or confusingly similar to your trademark. You may or may not
have screen shots of ads on their infringing webpages. You may
or may not have accurate WHOIS information about the infringer. You may or
may not have evidence that the infringer stole other third
party trademarks.
There is
no certainty for trademark owners about what is meant by "clear and convincing
evidence" and how to meet that standard over the evidence we typically
submit in the UDRP process. Obviously, there's no way to know
the subjective intent of the infringer without full blown litigation and
discovery. At a minimum, ICANN needs to give more guidance on
this issue.
This
burden of evidence standard is just one more reason why brand owners will avoid
using the URS.
Sarah
Sarah B.
Deutsch
Vice President & Associate General Counsel
Verizon
Communications
Phone: 703-351-3044
Fax: 703-351-3670
From: Jon
Nevett [mailto:jon@nevett.net]
Sent: Monday, July 19, 2010 3:10
PM
To: Deutsch, Sarah B
Cc: Zahid Jamil; Phil Corwin;
michaelc@traveler.com; mike@haven2.com; jb7454@att.com;
randruff@rnapartners.com; ffelman@markmonitor.com;
bc-GNSO@icann.org
Subject: Re: Re[2]: [bc-gnso] DRAFT BC Public
Comments on DAGv4
Sarah:
Sorry if I was unclear. The intent of the IRT was to
have the same legal standard for the UDRP and URS (the same elements --
registration with bad fait intent, etc.), but having a higher burden of proof
(clear and convincing vs. preponderance.
Here are the relevant quotes from the IRT report -- http://www.icann.org/en/announcements/announcement-4-29may09-en.htm
"The Final Evaluation
analysis involves consideration of three basic issues, similar to the standards
for a UDRP decision, but requires a much higher burden of proof."
(emphasis added)
"If the Examiner finds
that all of these elements are satisfied by clear and convincing evidence
and that there is no genuine contestable issue, then the Examiner shall issue a
decision in favor of the Complainant." (emphasis
added)
These positions had a
unanimous consensus of the IRT. Not sure the relevance of my status on the
IRT, but for the record I was told by the IPC that I wasn't representing
registrars on the IRT. If you had heard the crap that I got from my former
registrar colleagues, you would understand that I definitely wasn't representing
them on the IRT :-).
As I don't believe
that the BC complained about this burden of proof in the past on the IRT, on the
STI, or any public comments thereafter, I don't think that we should raise it
here. If we think that the URS was changed in a way that is problematic,
let's focus on those changes instead of trying to go back on issues that had
complete consensus and haven't changed at all.
Thanks!
jon
On Jul 19, 2010, at 2:39 PM, Deutsch, Sarah B
wrote:
Jon,
Thank
you for your many constructive changes. I want to respond to one suggested
edit you made below:
*I
deleted the clear and convincing evidence issue with regard to the URS. As
a member of the IRT, I can say that it clearly was our intent for the URS to
have a higher burden of proof than the UDRP -- the legal standard is
exactly the same. We wanted the URS to be for "slam dunk" cases. The
URS was to be a less expensive alternative to the UDRP cognizant of the fact
that 70% of UDRPs go unanswered.
1.
I don't disagree that the URS, like the UDRP, should be used for slam dunk
cases. I'm glad you confirmed that the legal standard was supposed to
be exactly the same. It's my understanding that proof under the UDRP is in
fact based on a preponderance of the evidence standard, not a clear and
convincing evidence standard. See below.
Section 1.3.1.1 –
Burden of Proof (How much proof is necessary?)
In the
administrative proceeding, the Complainant must prove that each of the three
elements contained in Section 4(a) of the Policy are
present.
Comment:
In general, the Panels recognize a preponderance of the evidence standard.
Preponderance of the evidence means that a fact is proved when it is more likely
than not that the fact is true.
2. Rather
than delete this sentence in its entirety, I would recommend inserting back
in the following single sentence: "The BC recommends that while the
URS is intended to deal with "slam dunk," cases, we ask ICANN to clarify that
the legal standard remain the exactly the same as that found in the UDRP.
ICANN should clarify that while proof of bad faith must be clear, the evidence
generally can be established by a proponderance of evidence
standard."
3.
I know that you were a valuable member of the IRT and at that time you
were representing registrars' views. Other IRT members point out to
me one additional point. The "slam dunk" aspect of the URS was in exchange
for a quick and cheap process. No one knows how cheap this will
wind up being, but there is no question that the "quick" part of this trade
off has disappeared. Many IRT participants confirm that the
DAG4 doesn't represent anything akin to the deal they thought they had
struck.
Sarah
Sarah B. Deutsch
Vice President & Associate General
Counsel
Verizon Communications
Phone: 703-351-3044
Fax: 703-351-3670
From: Jon
Nevett [mailto:jon@nevett.net]
Sent: Sunday, July 18, 2010 9:40
PM
To: Zahid Jamil
Cc: Deutsch, Sarah B; 'Phil Corwin'; michaelc@traveler.com; mike@haven2.com; jb7454@att.com; randruff@rnapartners.com; ffelman@markmonitor.com; bc-GNSO@icann.org
Subject: Re:
Re[2]: [bc-gnso] DRAFT BC Public Comments on DAGv4
Folks:
Attached is a suggested redraft to bridge the gap. I
personally don't agree with some of the arguments I left in the attached, but I
tried to keep the longstanding BC positions while toning down the anti-TLD
language. I also deleted a couple of the arguments that were objected to
in some of the notes I reviewed.
Here are some of the highlights:
*I deleted the GPML section.
*I deleted the clear and convincing evidence issue with
regard to the URS. As a member of the IRT, I can say that it clearly was
our intent for the URS to have a higher burden of proof than the UDRP --
the legal standard is exactly the same. We wanted the URS to be for "slam
dunk" cases. The URS was to be a less expensive alternative to the UDRP
cognizant of the fact that 70% of UDRPs go unanswered. Has this issue even
been raised before by the BC?
*Based on Sarah's helpful e-mail, I left alone the complaint
about transferring names after a successful URS as that has been an issue that
Zahid, Mike and others in the BC have argued consistently. I do note,
however, that transfer was not in the IRT recommendation and the STI agreed to
add a year to the registration at the request of the complainant as a
compromise.
*Again based on Sarah's e-mail, I left the PDDRP section
pretty much alone except for an argument about registries warehousing names, but
not using them, as that argument didn't make much sense to me. That's
exactly the function of a registry to warehouse names until they are sold by
registrars. If a registry "reserves" a name and it is not in use at all,
the mark holder should be thrilled that it can't be registered by a
squatter.
*I also deleted the paragraph about the Director of
Compliance. I don't think it appropriate to comment on those kinds of
personnel matters.
*I didn't touch the arguments related to community and 13
points (though I personally favor 14 points to avoid gaming -- sorry Ron), as
that seems to be longstanding BC position.
*I didn't do much on the Market Differentiation section
either other than soften some of the language.
I have no idea if my attempt will get consensus or not, but I
thought it worthwhile to offer alternative language and I tried hard to find a
balance.
Thanks.
Jon