To Jeff’s question, as also explained during yesterday’s meeting, we looked at the 2012 experience, actual costs where available from 2012 as well as compared new processes to somewhat comparable existing ones to get to these rough t-shirt sizes. For example, for .Brands, the following process was followed in 2012: https://newgtlds.icann.org/sites/default/files/base-agreement-spec-13-application-form-15jul14-en.pdf which also included steps such as public comment, requests for extensions, requests and review of additional information. As also noted, most of these processes are still being designed and may have undergone changes as a result of the SubPro recommendations or lessons learned from the 2012 round that may result in less or more effort but we do not have the level of detail at this point which is why the numbers we shared should be taken for what they are. As also emphasized, actual costs will be based on work that is required and/or represent pass through costs in the case of third-party vendors.
 

Pass through costs are only reasonable when reasonable cost-effective procurement has been done. The RSP fee is the poster child where pass through costs were unreasonable and very impactful, so saying that a cost will be passed through is not enough to ease anyone's concerns. 


Rubens