Hello All, I think we can classify various mechanisms as including review only or review and redress - and then whether the process is independent and whether the outcomes are binding. (1) Reconsiderations of a staff decision - this mechanism involves the Board reviewing a staff action, and the board will provide redress to the complainant if the staff staff action does not comply with policy - in my view this is a redress mechanism available to the community (2) Independent review panel - this mechanisms is an independent review of a Board decision What I hear people asking for is: - more use of independent panels - getting the independent panel to specific a redress - having the redress recommendation become binding As Malcom has pointed out, in any independence mechanism - it needs to be clear the standard that is being applied, and also what redress mechanisms are available for specific actions of the Board or staff. Regards, Bruce Tonkin