A couple of additional points I wanted to make --- unlike international tribunals or arbitrations, national courts have *ongoing* jurisdiction over a registrant, and can thus make different types of orders rather than the binary "transfer vs. no transfer" of a UDRP or variant. So, if there was an infringement, a national court can, for instance, order money damages, rather than the transfer of a domain. They can also order that specific misuse be terminated (and with penalties for not following the court's order that are enforceable against the registrant within that nation). Thus, there are superior "curative" measures available in the courts that can act like a scalpel, rather than a sledgehammer. Given the expense and time spent by both sides in the .xxx arbitration, for example, it's clear that arbitration isn't a panacea that it's often made out to be. Sincerely, George Kirikos 416-588-0269 http://www.leap.com/