Dear all, Boban and I went through the answers for questions regarding Root zone change management (Verification, etc.), NS / DS record management. The answers only addressed ICANN’s own domain *.icann.org, not the root zone. We clarified accordingly. Jennifer, please submit this new question and subquestions, thanks! How are actors verified by IANA when any changes to the root zone are requested / undertaken? (For example, what happens if TLD op requests IP change of authoritative server?) 1. Are there procedures, and where can they be found? 2. What technologies are used to verify requests? 3. What procedures are used to address SSR concerns when it comes to NS/DS record management inside the root zone? 4. What technologies are used to ensure integrity and authentication when it comes to NS/DS record management inside the root zone? All the best and thanks Jennifer! Laurin