Dear colleagues, I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way. I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear: The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp<http://www.nii.ac.jp> : 国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2 On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en<http://www.nii.ac.jp/en> , it appears as: National Institute for Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430 Notes The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation? The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement: 2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430 Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering. It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen. The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2 I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode. 研究所 may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization. There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system. I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki). I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon
Dear Chris, I have created a wiki page for this. It is at https://community.icann.org/display/tatcipdp/5.++Examples+of+Addresses. We will add examples as we get them. Best regards, Julie Julie Hedlund, Policy Director From: <Dillon>, Chris <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk> Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:15 AM To: "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> Subject: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear colleagues, I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way. I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear: The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp <http://www.nii.ac.jp> : 国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2 On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en <http://www.nii.ac.jp/en> , it appears as: National Institute for Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430 Notes The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation? The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement: 2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430 Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering. It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen. The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2 I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode. 研究所 may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization. There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system. I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki). I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon
Hi Chris, you raise an excellent point. Do not forget Japanese personal names where one Kanji (chinese character) combination can have any number of possible different readings. There is a reason why there is special dictionaries for possible name readings. One further common transliteration of longer vowels is with by adding an "h" at the end, so Mr. Saitou could also spell himself as either Saitô, Saitō or Saitoh. In Japan, I have seen all kinds of different transliterations commonly used and mixed. There does not seem to be an "official" transliteration that is commonly used or more correct than another. Just one example why I think that transliteration may be impossible to do well, and that is just one language of many... Volker
From: <Dillon>, Chris <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk <mailto:c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk>> Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:15 AM To: "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org <mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org <mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>> Subject: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses
Dear colleagues,
I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way.
I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear:
The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp <http://www.nii.ac.jp> :
国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2
On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en <http://www.nii.ac.jp/en> , it appears as:
National Institute for Informatics
2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430
*Notes*
The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation?
The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization
Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement:
2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430
Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering.
It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen.
The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2
I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode.
研 究所may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization.
There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system.
I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki).
I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues.
Regards,
Chris.
--
Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon
Dear Volker, I should have made up a contact person at NII! During my first part-time job in a Japanese department store there was a Mrs Nakashima upstairs and a Mrs Nakajima downstairs – both written 中島. The only sure way to know is to ask the person. This reminds me of the name authority situation in a library, where in the past, libraries used to write to people and ask them what they were called if their names appeared in more than one form on title pages of their books. On the front of one book I wrote, the publisher put Christopher Dillon. Admittedly I was born Christopher James Dillon. In the US I’m sometimes Chris J. Dillon or Christopher J. Dillon. Actually I’m Chris Dillon. The same would be true for readings like 研究所 as mentioned below. It is often kenkyūsho, but NII seems to use kenkyūjo. Saitoh is a lovely point. That is so common with all names ending in what should officially be –tō according to Hepburn. There is an interesting distinction between an official Romanization such as Hepburn or Pinyin for Chinese and what one actually sees. I have a suspicion that there may also be languages with no common standard Romanization. A challenge for us on this list to find them! Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Volker Greimann [mailto:vgreimann@key-systems.net] Sent: 14 January 2014 16:59 To: gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org; Dillon, Chris Subject: Re: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Hi Chris, you raise an excellent point. Do not forget Japanese personal names where one Kanji (chinese character) combination can have any number of possible different readings. There is a reason why there is special dictionaries for possible name readings. One further common transliteration of longer vowels is with by adding an "h" at the end, so Mr. Saitou could also spell himself as either Saitô, Saitō or Saitoh. In Japan, I have seen all kinds of different transliterations commonly used and mixed. There does not seem to be an "official" transliteration that is commonly used or more correct than another. Just one example why I think that transliteration may be impossible to do well, and that is just one language of many... Volker From: <Dillon>, Chris <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk<mailto:c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk>> Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:15 AM To: "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>> Subject: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear colleagues, I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way. I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear: The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp<http://www.nii.ac.jp> : 国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2 On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en<http://www.nii.ac.jp/en> , it appears as: National Institute for Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430 Notes The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation? The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement: 2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430 Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering. It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen. The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2 I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode. 研 究所 may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization. There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system. I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki). I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon
All, I totally agree with Volker. This is a big problem. Same thing happens in Hebrew. There are different ways people transliterate to other languages. A simple example is the name חיים, which can be transliterated by people as Chaim or Haim (btw- it is also the word for "life"). There are many other similar examples. Best, Yoav Yoav Keren CEO Domain The Net Technologies Ltd. 81 Sokolov st. Tel: +972-3-7600500 Ramat Hasharon Fax: +972-3-7600505 Israel 47238 [cid:image001.jpg@01CF118F.D8C44290] From: owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org [mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org] On Behalf Of Dillon, Chris Sent: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:18 PM To: Volker Greimann; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear Volker, I should have made up a contact person at NII! During my first part-time job in a Japanese department store there was a Mrs Nakashima upstairs and a Mrs Nakajima downstairs – both written 中島. The only sure way to know is to ask the person. This reminds me of the name authority situation in a library, where in the past, libraries used to write to people and ask them what they were called if their names appeared in more than one form on title pages of their books. On the front of one book I wrote, the publisher put Christopher Dillon. Admittedly I was born Christopher James Dillon. In the US I’m sometimes Chris J. Dillon or Christopher J. Dillon. Actually I’m Chris Dillon. The same would be true for readings like 研究所 as mentioned below. It is often kenkyūsho, but NII seems to use kenkyūjo. Saitoh is a lovely point. That is so common with all names ending in what should officially be –tō according to Hepburn. There is an interesting distinction between an official Romanization such as Hepburn or Pinyin for Chinese and what one actually sees. I have a suspicion that there may also be languages with no common standard Romanization. A challenge for us on this list to find them! Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Volker Greimann [mailto:vgreimann@key-systems.net] Sent: 14 January 2014 16:59 To: gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>; Dillon, Chris Subject: Re: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Hi Chris, you raise an excellent point. Do not forget Japanese personal names where one Kanji (chinese character) combination can have any number of possible different readings. There is a reason why there is special dictionaries for possible name readings. One further common transliteration of longer vowels is with by adding an "h" at the end, so Mr. Saitou could also spell himself as either Saitô, Saitō or Saitoh. In Japan, I have seen all kinds of different transliterations commonly used and mixed. There does not seem to be an "official" transliteration that is commonly used or more correct than another. Just one example why I think that transliteration may be impossible to do well, and that is just one language of many... Volker From: <Dillon>, Chris <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk<mailto:c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk>> Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:15 AM To: "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>> Subject: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear colleagues, I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way. I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear: The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp<http://www.nii.ac.jp> : 国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2 On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en<http://www.nii.ac.jp/en> , it appears as: National Institute for Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430 Notes The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation? The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement: 2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430 Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering. It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen. The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2 I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode. 研 究所 may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization. There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system. I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki). I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon ************************************************************************************ This footnote confirms that this email message has been scanned by PineApp Mail-SeCure for the presence of malicious code, vandals & computer viruses. ************************************************************************************ ************************************************************************************ This footnote confirms that this email message has been scanned by PineApp Mail-SeCure for the presence of malicious code, vandals & computer viruses. ************************************************************************************
Hi all, I would like to add the address of my organization CONAC (China Organizational Name Administration Center) in this list for reference and consideration. I post it in the following three forms: In Chinese Pinyin: běi jīng shì cháo yáng qū xī bà hé guāng xī mén běi lǐ jiǎ 31 hào In Chinese Characters: 北京市朝阳区西坝河光熙门北里甲31号 In English：Jia 31, North Guangximen, Xibahe, Chaoyang District,Beijing, 100028,China -----原始邮件----- 发件人:"Yoav Keren" <yoav@dtnt.com> 发送时间:2014-01-15 07:19:28 (星期三) 收件人: "Dillon, Chris" <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk>, "Volker Greimann" <vgreimann@key-Systems.net>, "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> 抄送: 主题: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses All, I totally agree with Volker. This is a big problem. Same thing happens in Hebrew. There are different ways people transliterate to other languages. A simple example is the name חיים, which can be transliterated by people as Chaim or Haim (btw- it is also the word for "life"). There are many other similar examples. Best, Yoav Yoav Keren CEO Domain The Net Technologies Ltd. 81 Sokolov st. Tel: +972-3-7600500 Ramat Hasharon Fax: +972-3-7600505 Israel 47238 From:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org [mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org] On Behalf Of Dillon, Chris Sent: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:18 PM To: Volker Greimann; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear Volker, I should have made up a contact person at NII! During my first part-time job in a Japanese department store there was a Mrs Nakashima upstairs and a Mrs Nakajima downstairs – both written 中島. The only sure way to know is to ask the person. This reminds me of the name authority situation in a library, where in the past, libraries used to write to people and ask them what they were called if their names appeared in more than one form on title pages of their books. On the front of one book I wrote, the publisher put Christopher Dillon. Admittedly I was born Christopher James Dillon. In the US I’m sometimes Chris J. Dillon or Christopher J. Dillon. Actually I’m Chris Dillon. The same would be true for readings like 研究所as mentioned below. It is often kenkyūsho, but NII seems to use kenkyūjo. Saitoh is a lovely point. That is so common with all names ending in what should officially be –tō according to Hepburn. There is an interesting distinction between an official Romanization such as Hepburn or Pinyin for Chinese and what one actually sees. I have a suspicion that there may also be languages with no common standard Romanization. A challenge for us on this list to find them! Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Volker Greimann [mailto:vgreimann@key-systems.net] Sent: 14 January 2014 16:59 To:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org; Dillon, Chris Subject: Re: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Hi Chris, you raise an excellent point. Do not forget Japanese personal names where one Kanji (chinese character) combination can have any number of possible different readings. There is a reason why there is special dictionaries for possible name readings. One further common transliteration of longer vowels is with by adding an "h" at the end, so Mr. Saitou could also spell himself as either Saitô, Saitō or Saitoh. In Japan, I have seen all kinds of different transliterations commonly used and mixed. There does not seem to be an "official" transliteration that is commonly used or more correct than another. Just one example why I think that transliteration may be impossible to do well, and that is just one language of many... Volker From: <Dillon>, Chris <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk> Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:15 AM To: "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> Subject: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear colleagues, I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way. I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear: The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp : 国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2 On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en , it appears as: National Institute for Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430 Notes The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation? The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement: 2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430 Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering. It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen. The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2 I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode. 研 究所may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization. There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system. I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki). I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon ************************************************************************************ This footnote confirms that this email message has been scanned by PineApp Mail-SeCure for the presence of malicious code, vandals & computer viruses. ************************************************************************************ ************************************************************************************ This footnote confirms that this email message has been scanned by PineApp Mail-SeCure for the presence of malicious code, vandals & computer viruses. ************************************************************************************ -- 政务和公益机构域名注册管理中心（中央编办事业发展中心） 法务与国际部 张钻 电 话：010-5203 5153 Email：zhangzuan@conac.cn 网 址：http://www.conac.cn 地 址：北京市朝阳区西坝河光熙门北里甲31号中央编办楼412室 邮 编：100028
Dear Peter, Thank you for the Mandarin example. As I expected, a couple of questions: What is 里 lǐ doing in the address? Is 甲 jiǎ like a street or block, perhaps? There are Pinyin rules for combining syllables and adding capitals, perhaps something like: Běijīng shì Cháoyáng qū Xībàhé Guāngxīmén Běi lǐ Jiǎ 31 hào Notes - Note that tone marks are normally removed in transliterated addresses. - The order of the Chinese address and English address is very different e.g. Jiǎ. - No hyphens before elements such as shì (city) and qū. - 区Qū is translated as “district”. - The Chinese literally says Guangximen North (rather than North Guangximen). Although政务和公益机构域名注册管理中心 (CONAC) has a commonly used English translation and acronym, I was told in Buenos Aires that there are many Chinese organizations with no English translations for their names. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org [mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org] On Behalf Of ?? Sent: 15 January 2014 13:13 To: gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: Re: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Hi all, I would like to add the address of my organization CONAC (China Organizational Name Administration Center) in this list for reference and consideration. I post it in the following three forms: In Chinese Pinyin: běi jīng shì cháo yáng qū xī bà hé guāng xī mén běi lǐ jiǎ 31 hào In Chinese Characters: 北京市朝阳区西坝河光熙门北里甲31号 In English：Jia 31, North Guangximen, Xibahe, Chaoyang District,Beijing, 100028,China -- 政务和公益机构域名注册管理中心（中央编办事业发展中心） 法务与国际部 张钻 电 话：010-5203 5153 Email：zhangzuan@conac.cn<mailto:zhangzuan@conac.cn> 网 址：http://www.conac.cn 地 址：北京市朝阳区西坝河光熙门北里甲31号中央编办楼412室 邮 编：100028
Dear Yoav, This raises some interesting issues: - Is there a Romanization (=official transliteration) in common use for Hebrew? I happen to know there is for Yiddish as I’m doing some work with UCL’s Yiddish Dept at the moment. That name would be Kheym, although individuals may transliterate it differently. - Is the Hebrew alphabet used with or without points in addresses, or do both things happen? (Yiddish has to use points; as letters like a and o are only distinct if they have - or a little T under them.) Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Yoav Keren [mailto:yoav@dtnt.com] Sent: 14 January 2014 23:19 To: Dillon, Chris; Volker Greimann; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses All, I totally agree with Volker. This is a big problem. Same thing happens in Hebrew. There are different ways people transliterate to other languages. A simple example is the name חיים, which can be transliterated by people as Chaim or Haim (btw- it is also the word for "life"). There are many other similar examples. Best, Yoav Yoav Keren CEO Domain The Net Technologies Ltd. 81 Sokolov st. Tel: +972-3-7600500 Ramat Hasharon Fax: +972-3-7600505 Israel 47238 [cid:image001.jpg@01CF11F7.1056EC00] From: owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> [mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org] On Behalf Of Dillon, Chris Sent: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:18 PM To: Volker Greimann; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear Volker, I should have made up a contact person at NII! During my first part-time job in a Japanese department store there was a Mrs Nakashima upstairs and a Mrs Nakajima downstairs – both written 中島. The only sure way to know is to ask the person. This reminds me of the name authority situation in a library, where in the past, libraries used to write to people and ask them what they were called if their names appeared in more than one form on title pages of their books. On the front of one book I wrote, the publisher put Christopher Dillon. Admittedly I was born Christopher James Dillon. In the US I’m sometimes Chris J. Dillon or Christopher J. Dillon. Actually I’m Chris Dillon. The same would be true for readings like 研究所 as mentioned below. It is often kenkyūsho, but NII seems to use kenkyūjo. Saitoh is a lovely point. That is so common with all names ending in what should officially be –tō according to Hepburn. There is an interesting distinction between an official Romanization such as Hepburn or Pinyin for Chinese and what one actually sees. I have a suspicion that there may also be languages with no common standard Romanization. A challenge for us on this list to find them! Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Volker Greimann [mailto:vgreimann@key-systems.net] Sent: 14 January 2014 16:59 To: gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>; Dillon, Chris Subject: Re: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Hi Chris, you raise an excellent point. Do not forget Japanese personal names where one Kanji (chinese character) combination can have any number of possible different readings. There is a reason why there is special dictionaries for possible name readings. One further common transliteration of longer vowels is with by adding an "h" at the end, so Mr. Saitou could also spell himself as either Saitô, Saitō or Saitoh. In Japan, I have seen all kinds of different transliterations commonly used and mixed. There does not seem to be an "official" transliteration that is commonly used or more correct than another. Just one example why I think that transliteration may be impossible to do well, and that is just one language of many... Volker From: <Dillon>, Chris <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk<mailto:c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk>> Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:15 AM To: "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>> Subject: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear colleagues, I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way. I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear: The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp<http://www.nii.ac.jp> : 国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2 On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en<http://www.nii.ac.jp/en> , it appears as: National Institute for Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430 Notes The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation? The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement: 2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430 Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering. It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen. The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2 I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode. 研 究所 may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization. There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system. I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki). I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon ************************************************************************************ This footnote confirms that this email message has been scanned by PineApp Mail-SeCure for the presence of malicious code, vandals & computer viruses. ************************************************************************************ ************************************************************************************ This footnote confirms that this email message has been scanned by PineApp Mail-SeCure for the presence of malicious code, vandals & computer viruses. ************************************************************************************
Dear Chris, All, See <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_259> ISO 259-3 for latest Transliteration standard for Hebrew. Not sure if it is actually used. Regards, Sarmad From: owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org [mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org] On Behalf Of Dillon, Chris Sent: Wednesday, January 15, 2014 6:42 PM To: Yoav Keren; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear Yoav, This raises some interesting issues: - Is there a Romanization (=official transliteration) in common use for Hebrew? I happen to know there is for Yiddish as I’m doing some work with UCL’s Yiddish Dept at the moment. That name would be Kheym, although individuals may transliterate it differently. - Is the Hebrew alphabet used with or without points in addresses, or do both things happen? (Yiddish has to use points; as letters like a and o are only distinct if they have - or a little T under them.) Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Yoav Keren [mailto:yoav@dtnt.com] Sent: 14 January 2014 23:19 To: Dillon, Chris; Volker Greimann; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses All, I totally agree with Volker. This is a big problem. Same thing happens in Hebrew. There are different ways people transliterate to other languages. A simple example is the name חיים, which can be transliterated by people as Chaim or Haim (btw- it is also the word for "life"). There are many other similar examples. Best, Yoav Yoav Keren CEO Domain The Net Technologies Ltd. 81 Sokolov st. Tel: +972-3-7600500 Ramat Hasharon Fax: +972-3-7600505 Israel 47238 From: owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org [mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org] On Behalf Of Dillon, Chris Sent: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:18 PM To: Volker Greimann; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear Volker, I should have made up a contact person at NII! During my first part-time job in a Japanese department store there was a Mrs Nakashima upstairs and a Mrs Nakajima downstairs – both written 中島. The only sure way to know is to ask the person. This reminds me of the name authority situation in a library, where in the past, libraries used to write to people and ask them what they were called if their names appeared in more than one form on title pages of their books. On the front of one book I wrote, the publisher put Christopher Dillon. Admittedly I was born Christopher James Dillon. In the US I’m sometimes Chris J. Dillon or Christopher J. Dillon. Actually I’m Chris Dillon. The same would be true for readings like 研究所 as mentioned below. It is often kenkyūsho, but NII seems to use kenkyūjo. Saitoh is a lovely point. That is so common with all names ending in what should officially be –tō according to Hepburn. There is an interesting distinction between an official Romanization such as Hepburn or Pinyin for Chinese and what one actually sees. I have a suspicion that there may also be languages with no common standard Romanization. A challenge for us on this list to find them! Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Volker Greimann [mailto:vgreimann@key-systems.net] Sent: 14 January 2014 16:59 To: gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org; Dillon, Chris Subject: Re: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Hi Chris, you raise an excellent point. Do not forget Japanese personal names where one Kanji (chinese character) combination can have any number of possible different readings. There is a reason why there is special dictionaries for possible name readings. One further common transliteration of longer vowels is with by adding an "h" at the end, so Mr. Saitou could also spell himself as either Saitô, Saitō or Saitoh. In Japan, I have seen all kinds of different transliterations commonly used and mixed. There does not seem to be an "official" transliteration that is commonly used or more correct than another. Just one example why I think that transliteration may be impossible to do well, and that is just one language of many... Volker From: <Dillon>, Chris <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk> Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:15 AM To: "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> Subject: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear colleagues, I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way. I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear: The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp : 国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2 On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en , it appears as: National Institute for Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430 Notes The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation? The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement: 2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430 Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering. It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen. The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2 I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode. 研 究所 may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization. There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system. I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki). I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon ************************************************************************************ This footnote confirms that this email message has been scanned by PineApp Mail-SeCure for the presence of malicious code, vandals & computer viruses. ************************************************************************************ ************************************************************************************ This footnote confirms that this email message has been scanned by PineApp Mail-SeCure for the presence of malicious code, vandals & computer viruses. ************************************************************************************
Dear Sarmad, Thank you for tracking that down. It includes characters such as š which are fairly difficult to key. Perhaps sh etc. is used on the street. I think it relies on pointed Hebrew or a knowledge of the language at least for the vowels. It would seem that transliteration may refer either to an official transliteration defined by an ISO or government standard, or to transliteration as used on the street or even by an individual. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Sarmad Hussain [mailto:sarmad.hussain@kics.edu.pk] Sent: 15 January 2014 16:39 To: Dillon, Chris; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear Chris, All, See ISO 259<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_259>-3 for latest Transliteration standard for Hebrew. Not sure if it is actually used. Regards, Sarmad From: owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> [mailto:owner-gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org] On Behalf Of Dillon, Chris Sent: Wednesday, January 15, 2014 6:42 PM To: Yoav Keren; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear Yoav, This raises some interesting issues: - Is there a Romanization (=official transliteration) in common use for Hebrew? I happen to know there is for Yiddish as I’m doing some work with UCL’s Yiddish Dept at the moment. That name would be Kheym, although individuals may transliterate it differently. - Is the Hebrew alphabet used with or without points in addresses, or do both things happen? (Yiddish has to use points; as letters like a and o are only distinct if they have - or a little T under them.) Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Yoav Keren [mailto:yoav@dtnt.com] Sent: 14 January 2014 23:19 To: Dillon, Chris; Volker Greimann; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org> Subject: RE: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses All, I totally agree with Volker. This is a big problem. Same thing happens in Hebrew. There are different ways people transliterate to other languages. A simple example is the name חיים, which can be transliterated by people as Chaim or Haim (btw- it is also the word for "life"). There are many other similar examples. Best, Yoav Yoav Keren CEO Domain The Net Technologies Ltd. 81 Sokolov st. Tel: +972-3-7600500 Ramat Hasharon Fax: +972-3-7600505 Israel 47238 [cid:image001.jpg@01CF12AA.34D924E0]
Dear Julie, Many thanks. It’s also a way of encouraging people to get involved and to think about what other issues there are. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon From: Julie Hedlund [mailto:julie.hedlund@icann.org] Sent: 14 January 2014 16:35 To: Dillon, Chris; gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org Subject: Re: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear Chris, I have created a wiki page for this. It is at https://community.icann.org/display/tatcipdp/5.++Examples+of+Addresses. We will add examples as we get them. Best regards, Julie Julie Hedlund, Policy Director From: <Dillon>, Chris <c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk<mailto:c.dillon@ucl.ac.uk>> Date: Tuesday, January 14, 2014 7:15 AM To: "gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>" <gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org<mailto:gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg@icann.org>> Subject: [gnso-contactinfo-pdp-wg] Examples of addresses Dear colleagues, I would like to start a collection of international addresses on this list. Many will be in non-Latin scripts, but some may be using the Latin alphabet perhaps with lots of diacritics (accents) or in some other way. I hope the following Japanese example, taken at random, makes this suggestion clear: The address is how it appears at the bottom of the organization’s website, www.nii.ac.jp<http://www.nii.ac.jp> : 国立情報学研究所 テ101-8430 東京都千代田区一ツ橋2－1－2 On English pages of the same site, for example, www.nii.ac.jp/en<http://www.nii.ac.jp/en> , it appears as: National Institute for Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430 Notes The name of this organization has a well established English translation and acronym (NII). It is not always clear whether an organization prefers its long name or its acronym. Many/All of the divisions and other parts of the organization also have established English translations. What should the policy be when an organization name has no established English translation? The rest of the address is transliterated using some form of Hepburn Romanization. Strictly speaking Tokyo should be Tōkyō. See here for further information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization Japanese addresses are not normally translated. I shall translate this address to illustrate the point and for your amusement: 2-1-2 One Bridge, Thousand Generations Field Ward, East Capital Metropolis, 101-8430 Each speaker of Japanese would probably produce a different rendering. It is interesting that the ku in Chiyoda-ku is not usually translated as “ward”. Note also the hyphen. The order of the address is more or less reversed. Literally in Hepburn it would be: Kokuritsu Jōhō Kagaku Kenkyūjo 101-8430 Tōkyōto Chiyodaku Hitotsubashi 2-1-2 I have added spaces and capital letters. テcomes before the Japanese postcode. 研究所 may be romanized as kenkyūjo or kenkyūsho. NII prefers the former, but machine transliteration would produce two possibilities if it did not know this specific organization. There are some other Romanizations in fairly common use in Japan e.g. Kunrei-siki and these cause confusion. One may see, for example, Hitotubasi instead of Hitotsubashi and frequently an address in Hepburn may have a couple of spellings borrowed from another system. I am not aware of a Romanization that officially spells out long ō vowels as in e.g. jōhō as ou, but one sees this frequently e.g. jouhou. The officially Hepburn way of doing it, if one has no access to macrons is joohoo. One also sees jôhô (borrowed from Kunrei-siki). I hope this will be a good way of discovering current practice and issues. Regards, Chris. -- Research Associate in Linguistic Computing, Centre for Digital Humanities, UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT Tel +44 20 7679 1599 (int 31599) ucl.ac.uk/dis/people/chrisdillon
participants (6)
-
Dillon, Chris -
Julie Hedlund -
Sarmad Hussain -
Volker Greimann -
Yoav Keren -
张钻